wellsi, comparing them to that of several extant ruminant artiodactyls, which are divided among seven habitat categories. To test this hypothesis I conduct principal components analysis on. wellsi represents adaptations for occupying open savannas. Previous work suggests that the unique anatomy of L. Longirostromeryx wellsi, one of the latest surviving members of the extinct clade Blastomerycinae (Artiodactyla: Moschidae), possesses highly derived craniodental morphology that deviates from typical musk deer form. The obtained resultsĭemonstrate that the antibodies produced allow an unambiguous discrimination of each of the four alphaherpesviruses related Radioimmunoprecipitation characterization of the selected MAbs revealed that four of themĪre directed against glycoprotein C (gC) and one of them is directed against gD of these related viruses. Produced MAbs were selected for their viral specificity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence Were produced with the aim of setting up an immunofluorescence assay able to discriminate between these related herpesviruses. In this study, murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for BoHV-1, BoHV-5, CpHV-1, CvHV-1, and CvHV-2 As BoHV-1 is antigenically and genetically related to four other alphaherpesviruses of ruminants-namely,īoHV-5, caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV-1), cervine herpesvirus 1 (CvHV-1) and CvHV-2-diagnostic tests able to discriminate BoHV-1įrom these related viruses are needed to avoid misdiagnosis, especially because some of these viruses are able to cross the The control of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis induced by bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) requires sensitive and specificĭiagnostic assays. This exhaustive analysis of each combination of coinfection in a unique situation of five closely related alphaherpesviruses revealed the importance of a high degree of genetic relatedness and similar parental virus growth kinetics for successful interspecific recombination. One possessed a restriction pattern close to BoHV-1, whereas the other one was close to BoHV-5. Restriction analysis of the genomes of the two BoHV-1/BoHV-5 recombinants showed different genetic backgrounds. Frequent recombination events between identical or different strains of BoHV-1 were observed (up to 30%), whereas only two BoHV-1/BoHV-5 recombinants were identified, and no recombinants between BoHV-1 and less closely related caprine and cervine herpesviruses were detected. At 24 h after infection of epithelial bovine kidney cells with a double-deleted mutant of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) (containing green fluorescent protein and red fluorescent protein genes) and different ruminant alphaherpesviruses, four types of progeny viruses were detected and distinguished according to their phenotype. In the present study we chose to assess to what extent in vitro recombination can occur between members of a well-defined group of closely related viruses such as ruminant alphaherpesviruses. Homologous recombination between different species of alphaherpesviruses has been described between herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 but has not yet been observed between other alphaherpesviruses.
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